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to remove excess growth. In either case, resume Copper Sulfate Crystals addition as soon as <br />possible. <br />Useful formulas for calculating water volume flow rates: <br />Multiply the water volume in cu . ft. times 7 .5 to obtain gallons. <br />1 C .F.S./Hr. = 27,000 Gals. 1 Acre Foot= 326,000 Gals . <br />1 ppm Copper Sulfate Crystals= 0.25 ppm metallic copper 1 ppm Copper Sulfate Crystals = <br />2.72 lb of product/acre ft <br />TO CONTROL ALGAE I N IRRIGATION CONVEYANCE SYSTEMS USING THE SLUG <br />APPLICATION METHOD: Make an addition (dump) of Copper Sulfate Crystals into the irrigation <br />ditch or lateral at 0.25 to 2 .0 lbs per cubic foot per second of water per treatment. Repeat on 2- <br />week intervals as required . Depending on water hardness, alkalinity and algae concentration, a <br />dump is usually required every 5 to 30 miles. Effectiveness of Copper Sulfate Crystals decreases <br />as the bicarbonate alkalinity increases and is significantly reduced when the alkalinity exceeds <br />approximately 150 ppm as CaC03. Maximum application rate is 4 ppm Copper Su lfate Crystals <br />(1 ppm metallic copper). <br />APPLICATION METHODS TO CONTROL AlGAE IN IMPOUNDED WATERS, LAKES, PONDS <br />AND RESERVOIRS : There are several methods by which to apply Copper Sulfate Crysta ls to <br />impounded water. Probably the most satisfactory and simplest method is to dissolve the Copper <br />Sulfate Crystals in water and to spray this water over the body of water from a boat. A small <br />pump mounted in the boat can easily be used for this purpose. Fine crystals may be broadcast <br />directly on the water surface from a properly equipped boat. A specially equipped air blower can <br />be used to discharge fine crystals at a specific rate over the surface of the water. When using <br />this method , the direction of the wind is an important factor. Do not use this method unless <br />completely fam il iar with this type of application . Where the situation permits , Copper Su lfate <br />Crystals may be app li ed under the water by dragging burlap bags containing Copper Sulfate <br />Crystals. The crystals are placed in burlap bags and dragged through the water by means of a <br />boat. Begin treatment along the shoreline and proceed outward unti l one-third to one-half of the <br />total area has been treated. Care should be taken that the course of the boat is such as to cause <br />even distribution of the chemical. In large lakes, it is customary for the boat to travel in parallel <br />lines about 20 to 1 00 feet apart. Continue dragging the burlap bags over the treated area until <br />the minimum dosage is achieved and all crystals have been dissolved. Large or medium size <br />crystals that dissolve slowly should be used with this method. Copper Sulfate Crystals can be <br />applied to impounded waters by injecting a solution in water via a piping system. Note: Maximum <br />app li cation rate is 4 ppm Copper Sulfate Crystals (1 ppm metallic copper). Minimum retreatment <br />interval is 14 days. EPA sets the maximum application rate at 4 ppm Copper Sulfate Crystals ; <br />however, based on the table below, 0.25 to 2 ppm Copper Sulfate Crystals can be used to treat <br />for specific genera of algae. <br />COPPER SULFATE CRYSTALS REQUIRED FOR TREATMENT OF DIFFERENT GENERA OF ALGAE <br />The genera of algae listed below are commonly found in waters of the United Stat es. Use the lower recommended rate in <br />soft waters (less than 50 ppm methyl orange alkalinity) and the higher concentration in h ard waters (above 50 ppm <br />alkalinity). Always consult State Fish and Game Agen cy before applying this product to mu nicipal waters . <br />ORGANISM <br />Cyanophyceae <br />(Blue-green) <br />Chlorophyceae <br />(Green) <br />Dialomaceae <br />(Di atoms) <br />0.25 to 0.50 ppm• <br />Anabaena <br />Anacystis <br />Aphanizomenon <br />Gloeotrichi a <br />Gomphosphaeria <br />Polycystis <br />Rivularia <br />Closterium <br />Hydrodic tyon <br />Spirogyra <br />Ulothrix <br />Asterionella <br />Fragilaria <br />0.50 to 1 ppm" <br />Cylindrospermum <br />Oscilfatoria <br />Plectonema <br />Botryococcus <br />Cladophora <br />Coelastrum <br />Draparnaldia <br />Enteromorpha <br />Gloeocystis <br />Microspora <br />Tribonema <br />Zygnema <br />Gomphonema <br />Nitzschia <br />1 to 1.5 ppm• <br />Nosloc <br />Phormidium <br />Chiarella <br />Crucigenia <br />Desmidium <br />Golenki n ia <br />Oocystis <br />Palmella <br />Pithophora <br />Staurastrum <br />Tetraedron <br />Achnanthes <br />Cymbella <br />1 .5 to 2 ppm• <br />Calothrix <br />Symploca <br />Ankistrod esmus <br />Chara <br />Nitella <br />Scenedesmus <br />6 <br />6.3.A. - Page 129