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-Ca d"98NJ county -wide <br />force <br />is example <br />of police reform for <br />budget reasons with little <br />initial <br />community <br />input or collaboration <br />• 2010: Camden (pop <br />. New force does not <br />77,000) was one of the <br />reflect community <br />most dangerous cities in <br />demographics; increases <br />the U.S. with record <br />excessive force: <br />violent crime rates. Due <br />o Number of officers <br />to $14M budget deficit, <br />increases due to <br />Camden laid off 50% of <br />lower salaries (268 in <br />their police force <br />2012 -> 418 in 2013) <br />• 2012: State Senator <br />o % of white officers <br />Norcross and Mayor <br />increases <br />Dana Redd proposed <br />disproportionately to <br />dissolving the city force <br />city demographics <br />and creating a <br />o Excessive force <br />county -led force to <br />complaints goes up <br />replace it <br />(35 in 2013 -> 65 in <br />• 2013: City Council <br />2014; highest in NJ). <br />approves resolution. <br />44 of 44 complaints <br />Existing officers were <br />investigated were <br />laid off; reapplied under <br />dismissed <br />non-union contracts <br />(have since unionized) <br />Sources for this case study are in <br />the Appendix. <br />Crime in Camden drops • <br />between 2012-2018; <br />becomes rallying point <br />for county -wide force <br />advocates <br />0 23% drop in violent <br />crime <br />0 48% drop in <br />non-violent crime <br />However, according to <br />FBI crime statistics, the <br />same pattern is true for <br />other neighboring cities <br />11 <br />After activist calls for reform, <br />police dept pursues a <br />number of cultural change <br />reforms. <br />0 2015: All officers <br />required to join a <br />de-escalation mentoring <br />program <br />0 2019: Revision of <br />use -of -force policies in <br />conjunction with NJ <br />ACLU and NYU Policing <br />Project, including <br />requirement to intervene <br />and requirement to call <br />medical services <br />Excessive force complaints <br />dropped 95% since 2014 <br />Force is still predominantly <br />white and has a larger <br />budget than before <br />• Recruitment r„` <br />• Training o <br />• Organization o <br />Data <br />Collection & <br />Evaluation <br />• Community O <br />Engagement <br />37 <br />