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.A. SM4FP CISCoI CA: Civilian oversight board conducts <br />independent investigations through Office of Civilian Complaints <br />San Francisco has one of the strongest civilian oversight boards in the country with <br />significant disciplinary power. In their model, the Citizen Police Commission <br />determines all disciplinary action beyond 10 -day suspensions and is the appellate <br />body for all officer appeals. Additionally, San Francisco uses a model that does not <br />rely on internal divisions within the police department to conduct investigations. <br />Typically, allegations of excessive force, civilian harassment, and other infractions by <br />police while on duty are investigated by the Office of Civilian Complaints, rather than <br />a unit within the police department. Many civilian oversight boards are forced to rely <br />on the investigations of internal departments or units, which can limit their access to <br />information. <br />In San Francisco, the Office of Citizen Complaints (OCC) receives complaints from <br />community members and has the power to investigate any allegations brought forth <br />by residents. <br />Stanford UniversipR <br />