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5C Page 15 able 16: Watts of Solar EnerQY Capacity Installed Annually in Redwood City 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Total Average Since 1999 Since 1999 Watts 12,301 1,496 17,425 37,125 44,707 96,334 40,659 207,347 98,483 555,877 61,764 Installed T Source: California Energy Commission, 2008 Mix of the City's Energy Supply Besides of i- the-grid systems or private systems such as rooftop solar panels that feed into the electricity grid, Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&:E) is Redwood City's sole supplier of electricity for purchase. PG&:E assumes that all electricity that flows to individual customers (both inside and outside of Redwood City) has roughly the same ratio of renewable to non- renewable sources, so PG&:E's energy supply mix dictates Redwood City's energy supply mix. Redwood City does not have direct control over how PG&:E produces energy, but can actively and publicly encourage the company to make its energy portfolio less emissions-intensive. It can also participate in any renewable-purchasing programs PG&:E may develop. Relevant features of PG&:E's energy production mix, shown in Table 3, are described below: . Natural gas energy accounted for 40% of power produced in 2006. Per watt of power generated, natural gas produces fewer greenhouse gases than coal but more than any other PG&:E source. . Nuclear energy from the Diablo Canyon power plant accounted for 24% of power produced in 2006. Opinions on the sustainability of nuclear power production are mixed; while it produces few greenhouse gas emissions, it also produces highly toxic waste, and the catastrophic failure of a nuclear plant could cause massive environmental damage. . Hydroelectric energy accounted for 22% of power produced in 2006. This expanding component of the PG&:E energy mix produces no greenhouse gas emissions, but it has impacts on river habitat and is vulnerable to reduced Sierra snowpack that results from climate change. . Renewable energy sources accounted for 12% of power produced in 2006. This has not increased since 2004, but PG&:E recently entered into several major new renewable energy purchasing contracts, and it reports that with the addition of these new contracts, 24% of future power deliveries (3,600 megawatts) will be renewable.4 5 With the exception of the 0.5 kilowatts (0.0005 megawatts) of solar power installed in Redwood City - most of which is unlikely to feed into the electricity grid and contribute to PG&::E's power supply - all PG&:E renewable energy is produced outside of Redwood City. . Coal energy accounts for 1% of power produced in 2006. This small coal share is a positive feature for environmental sustain ability, since coal is the most emissions- intensive (both in terms of greenhouse gases and other air pollutants) of any PG&::E energy source. 4 Associated Press, "PG&:E to buy power from solar fanns on California Coast,~ cited in Business Week, August 14, 2008. .5 State Senate BiU 1078 requires 20% of a utility's power deliveries to come from renewable sources by 2010. Redwood City Page 13 Sustainability Indicator Analysis