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<br /> <br />2021 Multijurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan <br /> <br /> Piping and internal erosion of soil in embankment dams <br /> Inadequate or negligent operation, maintenance, and upkeep <br /> Failure of upstream dams on the same waterway <br /> Earthquake (liquefaction/landslides). <br />Many dam failures in the United States have been secondary results of other disasters. The most common causes <br />are earthquakes, landslides, extreme storms, equipment malfunction, structural damage, foundation failures, and <br />sabotage. Poor construction, lack of maintenance and repair, and deficient operational procedures are preventable <br />or correctable by a program of regular inspections. Terrorism and vandalism are serious concerns that all <br />operators of public facilities must plan for; these threats are under continuous review by public safety agencies. <br /> <br />8.1.3 Planning Requirements <br />State of California <br />All dams whose inundation areas may impact the planning area have emergency action plans (EAPs) on file. The <br />EAPs must include the following (Cal OES, 2018): <br /> Emergency notification flow charts <br /> Information on a four-step response process <br /> Description of agencies’ roles and actions in response to an emergency incident <br /> Description of actions to be taken in advance of an emergency <br /> Inundation maps <br /> Additional information such as revision records and distribution lists. <br />After the EAPs are approved by the state, the law requires dam owners to send the approved EAPs to relevant <br />stakeholders. Local public agencies can then adopt emergency procedures that incorporate the information in the <br />EAP in a manner that conforms to local needs and includes methods and procedures for alerting and warning the <br />public and other response and preparedness related items (Cal OES, 2018). <br /> <br />Federal Energy Regulatory Commission <br />Dams that fall under the jurisdiction of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) also have specified <br />planning requirements. FERC has the largest dam safety program in the United States. It cooperates with a large <br />number of federal and state agencies to ensure and promote dam safety and, more recently, homeland security. <br />FERC requires licensees to prepare emergency action plans and conducts training sessions on how to develop and <br />test these plans. The plans are designed to serve as an early warning system if there is a potential for, or a sudden <br />release of water from, a dam failure or accident to the dam. The plans include operational procedures that may be <br />used, such as reducing reservoir levels and reducing downstream flows and procedures for notifying affected <br />community members and agencies responsible for emergency management. These plans are frequently updated <br />and tested to ensure that in emergency situations everyone knows what to do, thus saving lives and minimizing <br />property damage. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />8-2