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53 <br />map may be updated to show an increased flood hazard associated with a non-accredited levee <br />system. Redwood Shores is located on low-lying bayfront land surrounded by a levee system that <br />protects this area from coastal hazards, including 1% still-water elevation, wave run-up and over- <br />topping, and high tides. The crest of some levee reaches are at, or lower than the 100-year <br />elevation. However, due to the short duration of that crest, flooding is expected to be limited and <br />shallow, provided that the levees themselves do not fail from the overtopping. According to <br />FEMA’s flood insurance rate maps, the areas of the City subject to 100-year floods are located <br />nearest to the San Francisco Bay, northeast of Highway 101. The City has historically <br />experienced mild flooding in the areas near Cordilleras Creek (descending from the Santa Cruz <br />Mountains) and the Friendly Acres neighborhoods, southeast of Woodside Road, in areas <br />identified in the 100-year floodplain. Redwood Shores is also located in the 100-year floodplain. <br />Wildfire. In recent years, wildfires have caused extensive damage throughout the State. <br />Certain of these fires have burned thousands of acres and destroyed hundreds and in some cases <br />thousands of homes. In some instances, entire neighborhoods have been destroyed. Several <br />fires which occurred in 2017 damaged or destroyed property in areas that were not previously <br />considered to be at risk from such events. In November 2018, the Camp Fire occurred in Butte <br />County, California. The Camp Fire is the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in the recorded <br />history of the State burning more than 150,000 acres and destroying more than 11,500 structures, <br />including most of the structures in the City of Paradise, California. The City’s foothill <br />neighborhoods located west of Alameda de las Pulgas are designated a Very High Fire Hazard <br />Severity Zone. <br />Some commentators believe that climate change will lead to even more frequent and <br />damaging wildfires in the future. While the City and the Enterprise have not suffered direct effects <br />of wildfire, there can be no assurance that wildfires will not affect the City and the Enterprise in <br />the future, or the effects of any such wildfire, which could be material. See “ – Potential Impact of <br />Climate Change; Sea Level Rise”. <br />California Drought Conditions <br />California is located in a semi-arid region and is subject to periodic drought. An extended <br />drought could adversely affect the ability of the SFPUC to deliver water sufficient to satisfy all of <br />the demands of its customers, including the Enterprise. The Enterprise may also seek to acquire, <br />and would be obligated to pay the cost of, additional water to deliver to its customers if deliveries <br />from SFPUC are insufficient. <br />Implementation of voluntary or mandatory water reductions may reduce the amount of <br />water sold by the Enterprise. Although the State is not currently in a drought, the City cannot <br />predict if and when drought conditions will return, what effect drought conditions may have on <br />revenues of the Enterprise, or whether or to what extent water reduction requirements may affect <br />the Enterprise. <br />Potential Impact of Climate Change; Sea Level Rise <br />General. Numerous scientific studies on global climate change show that, among other <br />effects on the global ecosystem, sea levels will rise, and extreme temperatures and extreme <br />weather events will become more frequent as a result of increasing global temperatures <br />attributable to atmospheric pollution. <br />8.A. - Page 67 of 255 <br />695