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September 19, 2024 14 and/or property from natural and/or human-caused disasters by avoiding or lessening the impact of a disaster and providing value to the public by creating safer communities. Mitigation seeks to fix the cycle of disaster damage, reconstruction, and repeated damage. These activities or actions, in most cases, will have a long-term sustained effect. A.16 National Incident Management System (NIMS): A system that provides a proactive approach guiding government agencies at all levels, the private sector and nongovernmental organizations to work seamlessly to prepare for, prevent, respond to, recover from, and mitigate the effects of incidents, regardless of cause, size, location or complexity, to reduce the loss of life or property and harm to the environment. A.17 National Response Framework: Document that establishes a comprehensive, national, all- hazards approach to domestic incident response. It serves as a guide to enable responders at all levels of government and beyond to provide a unified national response to a disaster. It defines the key principles, roles, and structures that organize the way U.S. jurisdictions plan and respond. A.18 Operational Area (OA): An intermediate level of the state emergency services organization, consisting of SMC and all political subdivisions within the county area. In a state of emergency, the OA shall serve as a link in the system of communications and coordination between the political subdivisions comprising the OA and the Regional Emergency Operations Center (REOC) or State Operations Center (SOC). The SMC OA mirrors the County’s geographic boundaries. A.19 Preparedness: Actions that involve a combination of planning, resources, training, as well as exercising and organizing to build, sustain, and improve operational capabilities. Preparedness is the process of identifying the personnel, training, and equipment needed for a wide range of potential incidents, and developing jurisdiction-specific plans for delivering capabilities when needed for an incident. A.20 Recovery: The development, coordination, and execution of service- and site-restoration plans; the reconstitution of government operations and services; individual, private-sector, nongovernmental and public-assistance programs to provide housing and to promote restoration; long-term care and treatment of affected persons; additional measures for social, political, environmental and economic restoration; evaluation of the incident to identify lessons learned; and post-incident reporting and development of initiatives to mitigate the effects of future incident. A.21 Resources: Personnel and major items of equipment, supplies, and facilities available or potentially available for assignment to incident operations and for which status is maintained. Under the NIMS, resources are described by kind and type and may be used in operational support or supervisory capacities at an incident or an EOC. A.22 Response: Immediate actions to save and sustain lives, protect property and the environment, and meet basic human needs. Response also includes the execution of plans and actions to support short-term recovery. ATTY/AGR.2024.233/SMC Operational Area Emergency Services Organization (Second Revised & Restated Joint Exercise of Powers) (REV: 12-11-24 MI) (Page 14 of 15) ATTY/RESO.0093/CC RESO APPROVING AND AUTHORIZING TO EXECUTE THE SECOND REVISED AND RESTATED JPA (ESC) - EXHIBIT A REV: 12-19-24 MI Page 14 of 15