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DRAFT URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN 4. Water Distribution Overview This chapter covers issues related to the water distribution system. Water distribution is the City's main water resource function, as treated water purchased from San Francisco does not require further water treatment. The first section of this Chapter describes the distribution system. Subsequent sections cover the Capital Improvement Plan, water quality monitoring, flushing, leak detection, and chloramines. The Department of Health Services conducted a thorough inspection of the City's water facilities in 1999, renewing its water supply permit and concluding that the distribution system is well maintained and that the storage and pumping stations are in excellent condition. 14 Water quality meets primary and secondary drinking water standards. . 4.1 Water Distribution System Description The City water system serves the City of Redwood City and portions outside the corporate limits, including Canada College and the Emerald Lake Hills area. The City's service area presently covers approximately 10.3 square miles. Service is provided to areas between Highways 280 and 101, Whipple Avenue and Marsh Road in the area east of Highway 101, and in the Redwood Shores development. The City's service area greatly differs in elevation, from about mean sea level along Seaport Boulevard to over 800 feet in the Emerald Lake Hills area. The City obtains water via 13 active connections with the San Francisco transmission system. It also has 10 emergency interties with California Water Service Company, Belmont County Water District, and the City of Menlo Park. The system has 208 miles of distribution mains, 12 storage reservoirs, 10 pump stations, 1812 fire hydrants, and 26 pressure reducing valves ranging from two to six inches in diameter. The distribution mains consist mostly of ductile iron, approximately five percent of older, two -inch galvanized iron, six -inch polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe, and some asbestos - cement pipe. Asbestos - cement pipe was installed over a period of several decades, from about 1960 to about 1988. Typically, asbestos- cement pipe was installed in areas where the soil was determined to be too corrosive for the preferred material, cast iron pipe. The City has an on -going main replacement program in which undersized mains are replaced with C -900 PVC pipe. The total storage capacity of the 12 storage facilities is 21.24 million gallons. The storage tanks and reservoirs are cleaned and inspected once every five years. Recoating, repairs, 14 Engineering Report, California Department of Health Services, Revised Permit for the City of Redwood City, April 1999. 30