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04/22/2013 Identify specific strategies, develop actions and cost estimates, and prioritize actions to increase local resilience of City infrastructure and critical assets, including natural systems like wetlands and urban forests. Look for synergies between natural processes and engineering solutions. There is a continuum of strategies available to manage sea level rise, ranging from coastal armoring (levees, seawalls, etc.) to elevated development to a managed retreat or abandonment of low-lying development. An adaptation plan should include a prioritized list of actions (e.g. projects)with a timeline, capital expenditure plan, and framework for monitoring and adaptive management. 5. Ongoing Monitoring and Adaptive Management Reassess climate change vulnerabilities on a regular basis and modify actions accordingly. This includes monitoring the effectiveness of current policies, strategies and actions, and keeping up with changing science, funding opportunities, and regulatory actions. A menu of potential adaptation strategies and measures is provided in the table below. Adaptation Strategies and Measures Climate Change Impacts Sample Adaptation Measures Sea Level Rise • Educate and engage the community on the need for long-range planning Risks to existing facilities, • Partner or collaborate with other jurisdictions and agencies to natural systems, private increase awareness and build community support for action • Identify funding mechanisms and seek public-private property and public partnerships where interests converge infrastructure • Use natural backshore wave-buffering processes to reduce wave erosion and run-up on levees • Increase or maintain the buffering capacity of tidal wetlands to protect against storm surges and keep pace with sea-level rise • Move levees further inland to allow marshes and mudflats to naturally transgress landward • Protect and restore wetlands that provide vital habitat and carbon storage, and allow for landward migration of habitat over time • Make modifications to low-lying wastewater treatment facilities. Consider opportunities for integrating wastewater treatments and wetlands • Avoid new development in areas at risk based on sea level projections • Do coastal armoring with levees and seawalls to protect vital infrastructure from erosion, inundation, and floodin Extreme Heat Events • Identify vulnerable communities and develop emergency preparedness plan Risks to public health and • Establish cooling centers, especially for vulnerable populations infrastructure • Reduce urban heat islands through use of cool roofs and other reflective surfaces • Do targeted tree planting and enact new requirements for shadin in new arkin lots and other lar e aved areas 29 RESO.#15258 MUFF#205