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2.11 Local Government: A county, municipality, city, town, township, local public authority,
<br /> school district, special district, intrastate district, council of governments (regardless of whether
<br /> the council of governments is incorporated as a nonprofit corporation under state law),regional
<br /> or interstate government entity or agency or instrumentality of a local government; an Indian
<br /> tribe or authorized tribal entity, or in Alaska a Native Village or Alaska Regional Native
<br /> Corporation; a rural community, unincorporated town or village or other public entity. See
<br /> Section 2 (10), Homeland Security Act of 2002, P.L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2135 (2002).
<br /> 2.12 Mitigation: Activities providing a critical foundation in the effort to reduce the loss of life
<br /> and property from natural and/or human-caused disasters by avoiding or lessening the impact of
<br /> a disaster and providing value to the public by creating safer communities. Mitigation seeks to
<br /> fix the cycle of disaster damage, reconstruction, and repeated damage. These activities or
<br /> actions, in most cases, will have a long-term sustained effect.
<br /> 2.13 National Incident Management System(NIMS): System that provides a proactive
<br /> approach guiding government agencies at all levels,the private sector and nongovernmental
<br /> organizations to work seamlessly to prepare for, prevent,respond to,recover from, and mitigate
<br /> the effects of incidents, regardless of cause, size, location or complexity, in order to reduce the
<br /> loss of life or property and harm to the environment.
<br /> 2.14 National Response Framework: This document establishes a comprehensive,national, all-
<br /> hazards approach to domestic incident response. It serves as a guide to enable responders at all
<br /> levels of government and beyond to provide a unified national response to a disaster. It defines
<br /> the key principles, roles, and structures that organize the way U.S.jurisdictions plan and
<br /> respond.
<br /> 2.15 Operational Area: An intermediate level of the state emergency services organization,
<br /> consisting of the County and all political subdivisions within the county area. In a state of
<br /> emergency, the operational area shall serve as a link in the system of communications and
<br /> coordination between the political subdivisions comprising the operational area and the Regional
<br /> or State Emergency Operations Center.
<br /> 2.16 Preparedness: Actions that involve a combination of planning, resources, training,
<br /> exercising and organizing to build, sustain and improve operational capabilities. Preparedness is
<br /> the process of identifying the personnel,training and equipment needed for a wide range of
<br /> potential incidents and developing jurisdiction-specific plans for delivering capabilities when
<br /> needed for an incident.
<br /> 2.17 Recovery: The development, coordination and execution of service- and site-restoration
<br /> plans; the reconstitution of government operations and services; individual,private-sector,
<br /> nongovernmental and public-assistance programs to provide housing and to promote restoration;
<br /> long-term care and treatment of affected persons; additional measures for social, political,
<br /> environmental and economic restoration; evaluation of the incident to identify lessons learned;
<br /> post incident reporting and development of initiatives to mitigate the effects of future incidents.
<br /> 2.18 Resources: Personnel and major items of equipment, supplies and facilities available or
<br /> potentially available for assignment to incident operations and for which status is maintained.
<br /> Under the National Incident Management System, resources are described by kind and type and
<br /> may be used in operational support or supervisory capacities at an incident or at an emergency
<br /> operations center.
<br /> 2.19 Response: Immediate actions to save and sustain lives, protect property and the
<br /> environment, and meet basic human needs. Response also includes the execution of plans and
<br /> actions to support short-term recovery.
<br /> SMAOES December 2013 Page 4
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