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6. 1. E. - Page 26 smoking ordinances and potential enforcement.64 In several jurisdictions, when the alleged smoking offender was not at home, officers would leave a letter, brochure, or door hanger, if their city has one, explaining the smoking ordinance requirements. 65 Complaints data reviewed by the Grand Jury indicates that very few individuals who were contacted by officers regarding alleged smoking ordinance violations were the subjects of subsequent complaints, suggesting that the officers' education approach was effective. 66 According to enforcement officers interviewed by the Grand Jury, even if residents are aware of their rights, they may be reluctant to make complaints because of fear of retaliation from smoking neighbors or landlords. 67 While Belmont, Brisbane, Daly City, Redwood City, San Bruno, and the County of San Mateo's ordinances expressly prohibit retaliation, the MUH smoking ordinances for Burlingame, Foster City, the City of San Mateo, and South San Francisco do not .68 The materials published by MUH jurisdictions also do not inform residents that they may complain anonymously about smoking violations. Vulnerable residents, such as undocumented immigrants, may fear that a complaint could result in disclosure, eviction, or deportation. 69 Local officials interviewed by the Grand Jury opined that enforcement of MUH smoking ordinances might be helped by the use of new smartphone applications (apps) that enable users to take a photo of nuisance code infractions in their jurisdictions, then submit it instantly to enforcement officers. Once received, officers can review the information and follow up with onsite visits. Such photographic evidence of a smoking violation in progress could be deemed the equivalent of an officer viewing the violation, thus allowing the officer to issue a citation to the smoker. 70 At present, Burlingame, Foster City, Redwood City, San Bruno, the City of San Mateo, South San Francisco, and the County of San Mateo provide such apps (Access Burlingame, Foster City Access, myRWC, San Bruno Responds, mySanMateo,71 Engage SSF,72 and Report It! San Mateo County,73 respectively). Officials in the City of San Mateo have used their app only to receive reports on illegal dumping and graffiti, but expressed enthusiasm about its potential to use photos as evidence of other violations including smoking. 74 In the course of its investigation, the Grand Jury learned that certain multiunit properties generate a greater number of smoking complaints than others. 75,76 Few jurisdictions with MUH smoking 64 Officials from local code and law enforcement agencies: interviews by the Grand Jury. 65 Ibid. 66 Ibid. 67 Ibid. 68 Smoking Ordinances in San Mateo County jurisdictions. (See Footnote 8) 69 Officials from local code and law enforcement agencies: interviews by the Grand Jury. 70 Officials from local code and law enforcement agencies: interviews by the Grand Jury. 71 Officials in the City of San Mateo: interview by the Grand Jury. 72 Official in South San Francisco: interview by the Grand Jury. 73 Search results for phone applications for all MUH smoking ordinance jurisdictions in San Mateo County. 74 Officials in City of San Mateo: interview by the Grand Jury. 75 Officials from local code and law enforcement agencies: interviews by the Grand Jury. 76 Data on complaints of smoking in MUH submitted to the Grand Jury by officials from local code and law enforcement agencies. 2017-2018 San Mateo County Civil Grand Jury 12