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released, the event is called a pipeline emergency. Pipeline emergencies may overlap with hazardous materials incidents or terrorism. Small-scale pipeline emergencies may have occurred in the City in the past, although there is no specific record of these incidents. The most serious regional pipeline emergency in recent memory occurred in San Bruno in 2010, when an underground PG&E natural gas pipeline exploded. The explosion and resulting fire killed eight people and injured 58. Such events could potentially occur in the future in the region, although they are expected to remain rare. 2.2.12 AVIATION INCIDENT An aviation incident is an event involving an aircraft that creates a risk of harm to public health and safety. It can include crashes, mechanical failures that force emergency landings, or behavior on -board an aircraft that poses a safety risk to others. The causes of an aircraft incident may include human error, mechanical failure or design flaws, poor weather, or deliberate action. No aviation incident has occurred in the City, as the City lacks aviation facilities. In 2010, a twin -engine plane went down in the Oracle lagoon off Twin Dolphin Drive in Redwood Shores resulting in two fatalities. The nearest major airport and the only such facility in San Mateo County, as noted earlier, is San Francisco International Airport, approximately 12 miles to the northwest. Other aviation facilities in the vicinity of the City include a small airport in San Carlos (approximately two miles north of downtown) and a helipad located approximately five miles southwest in Palo Alto. There have been multiple aircraft incidents at San Francisco International Airport, most recently in 2013, when a large passenger jet crashed on landing, killing three people and seriously injuring 48. The incident was attributed to human error. There is no record of significant aircraft incidents at San Carlos Airport. It is likely that nearby airports will continue to experience aviation incidents on rare occasion. Given the proximity of the City to these facilities and the contract for fire services by the City of San Carlos, it is possible that a future incident may have a direct impact on the community. "URIVALILIM 110 A pandemic occurs when a new strain of a pathogen that may cause serious illness or death, and is spread easily from person to person worldwide, emerges in the human population. Pandemics may be categorized from mild to severe depending upon the number of people who become ill or die from the disease. Pandemics may be caused by vector-borne diseases (VBDs), viruses and bacteria, spread by animals such as mosquitoes, ticks and fleas. The 'Black Death" plague pandemic of the middle ages was caused by a bacterium transmitted by rats. The most prevalent VBDs in California include Plague, Zika and West Nile Virus. These VBDs have not resulted in pandemics. Influenza is a family of viruses that is common worldwide. The virus resides in many animals including domesticated animals such as birds and swine, where it can mutate and become easily transmissible to humans. Novel influenza viruses may cause pandemics. Pandemic influenza is different from seasonal 16