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The EOP should be reviewed and updated annually internally by City staff and whenever the following occur: • A major incident • A change in operational capabilities or resources (e.g., policy, personnel, organizational structures, management processes, facilities, equipment) • A formal update of planning guidance or standards • A change in the acceptability of various risks 5.2 PLAN TESTING, TRAINING AND EXERCISES Maintenance of the EOP and evaluating its effectiveness involves using training and exercises, and evaluation of actual incidents to determine whether goals, decisions, and timing outlined in the plan led to a successful response. Short of real-world operation, exercises are the best method of evaluating the effectiveness of a plan. They also provide a valuable tool in training emergency responders and other City staff to become familiar with the procedures, equipment, and systems that they use or manage in emergency situations. Exercises must be conducted on a regular basis to maintain readiness. Table 5-1 provides a recommended schedule of exercise for City staff. Table 5.1 Recommended City-wide Exercise Schedule Frequency Type Participants Annually Evacuation Drills of All City Owned Facility All employees Annually Tabletop or Functional Exercise Emergency operations staff Every 3 years oras available Full -Scale Exercise Emergency operations staff 5.3 AFTER ACTION REVIEW After every exercise or incident, an after -action review should be conducted and an After -Action Report/Improvement Plan (AAR/IP) should be completed. The AAR/IP has two components: an AAR, which captures observations and recommendations based on incident objectives as associated with the capabilities and tasks, and an IP, which identifies specific corrective actions, assigns them to responsible parties, and establishes targets for their completion. The EOC Committee is responsible for the development of the AAR/IP and convenes participants to discuss action items and solicit recommendations for improvement.