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Page 3 of 10 City of Redwood City 1017 Middlefield Road, Redwood City, CA. 94063 Tel: 650-780-7000 www.redwoodcity.org and former adult smokers started smoking by the age of 18.6 Nearly 81% of youth ages 12 to 17 who had ever used a tobacco product reported that the first tobacco product they used was flavored tobacco, including 88.7% of hookah smokers and 81% of e-cigarette users.7 The prevalence of youth entry to smoking via flavored tobacco products and e-cigarettes was among the compelling reasons that Redwood City banned those products in 2021.8,9 Smokers are not the only ones at risk when the incidence of smoking increases; exposure to secondhand smoke has a negative health impacts on those who do not smoke. The U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services estimate that exposure to secondhand smoke causes an estimated 41,000 deaths each year.10 When Redwood City adopted its ordinance11 to prohibit smoking in multifamily units, it did so based on research about the harmful impacts of secondhand smoke. Research showed that in indoor spaces, secondhand smoke is not safe at any levels because it passes through shared walls and ventilation systems. 12 As a result, the only way to fully protect non-smokers from secondhand smoke exposure was by eliminating smoking.13 Secondhand smoke has negative public health impacts even when the exposure is occurring outdoors.14 When the California Air Resources Board designated tobacco smoke as a toxic air contaminant, it was based on research that demonstrated when smoking occurs outdoors in settings adjacent to government buildings, office complexes and amusement parks, people could be exposed to levels of secondhand smoke that are comparable to indoor concentrations where smoking is permitted.15 Another study, 6 California Department of Public Health California Tobacco Control Program. California Tobacco Facts and Figures 2016. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Public Health. 2016. Available at: https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CCDPHP/DCDIC/CTCB/CDPH%20Document%20Library/ResearchandEvaluatio n/FactsandFigures/2016FactsFiguresWeb.pdf 7 Ambrose BK, Day HR, Rostron B, et al. Flavored Tobacco Product Use Among US Youth Aged 12-17 Years, 2013- 2014. Jama. 2015;314(17):1871-1873. 8 Redwood City Ordinance 2501, November 22, 2021: https://documents.redwoodcity.org/PublicWeblink/0/doc/517016/Page1.aspx 9 California Department of Public Health. The tobacco industry is addicting our kids with harmful nicotine. https://www.undo.org/addicting-kids 10 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking: 50 Years of Progress. A report of the Surgeon General, Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2014. Printed with corrections, January 2014. 11 Redwood City Ordinance 2440, November 13, 2017: https://documents.redwoodcity.org/publicweblink/0/doc/167526/Page1.aspx 12 Brian King et al., Secondhand Smoke Transfer in Multiunit Housing, 12 Nicotine Tobacco Res. 1133-41 (2010), https:// pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20889473. 13 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General (2006), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK44324/pdf/Bookshelf_NBK44324.pdf 14 Pamela Kaufman et al., Not Just ‘a Few Wisps’: Real-Time Measurement of Tobacco Smoke at Entrances to Office Buildings, 20 Tobacco Control 212 (2011), https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/20/3/212 15 CARB. (2003). “Technical Support Document for the Proposed Identification of Environmental Tobacco Smoke as a Toxic Air Contaminant: Part A,” Technical Report. California Environmental Protection Agency, California Air Resources Board, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Chapter 5, pp. V6-V19. 8.A. - Page 3 of 37 229