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9,f \ <br />in the event of an earthquake, but there is significant potential for destructive ground- shaking <br />during the occurrence of a major seismic event In addition, land susceptible to seismic activity <br />may be subject to liquefaction during the occurrence of such an event In the event of a severe <br />earthquake, there may be significant damage to property and infrastructure in the City and the <br />Project Area. As a result, a substantial portion of the property owners may be unable or <br />unwilling to pay their property taxes when due. In addition, the value of land in the City and <br />the Project Area could be diminished In the aftermath of such an earthquake, reducing the <br />resulting proceeds of foreclosure sales in the event of delinquencies in the payment of property <br />taxes. <br />Hazardous Substances <br />An additional environmental condition that may result in the reduction in the assessed <br />value of property would be the discovery of a hazardous substance that would limit the <br />beneficial use of taxable property within the Project Area. In general, the owners and operators <br />of a property may be required by law to remedy conditions of the property relating to releases <br />or threatened releases of hazardous substances. The owner or operator may be required to <br />remedy a hazardous substance condition of property whether or not the owner or operator has <br />anything to do with creating or handling the hazardous substance. The effect, therefore, should <br />any of the property within the Project Area be affected by a hazardous substance, could be to <br />reduce the marketability and value of the property by the costs of remedying the condition. <br />Bankruptcy <br />The rights of the Owners of the Bonds may be subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, <br />reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws affecting creditors' rights under currently <br />existing law or laws enacted in the future and may also be subject to the exercise of judicial <br />discretion under certain circumstances. The opinions of Bond Counsel as to the enforceability <br />of the obligation to make payments on the Bonds will be qualified as to bankruptcy and such <br />other legal events. See "APPENDIX C - FORM OF OPINION OF BOND COUNSEL." <br />LIWTATIONS ON TAX REVENUES <br />Property Tax Limitations - Article XIIIA <br />California voters, on June 6, 1978, approved an amendment (commonly known as both <br />Proposition 13 and the Jarvis -Gann Initiative) to the California Constitution. This amendment, <br />which added Article )MA to the California Constitution, among other things, affects the <br />valuation of real property for the purpose of taxation in that it defines the full cash value of <br />property to mean "the county assessor's valuation of real property as shown on the 1975 -76 tax <br />bill under full cash value, or thereafter, the appraised value of real property when purchased, <br />newly constructed, or a change in ownership has occurred after the 1975 assessment." The full <br />cash value may be adjusted annually to reflect inflation at a rate not to exceed 2% per year, or <br />any reduction in the consumer price index or comparable local data, or any reduction in the <br />event of declining property value caused by damage, destruction or other factors. Roll <br />adjustments may be made by the County which would affect the Project Area assessed value, <br />under Section 51 of the Revenue and Taxation Code. <br />Article XIIIA further limits the amount of any ad valorem tax on real property to 1% of <br />the full cash value except that additional taxes may be levied to pay debt service on <br />indebtedness approved by the voters prior to July 1, 1978. In addition, an amendment to <br />Article XIII was adopted in August 1986 by initiative which exempts any bonded indebtedness <br />-16- <br />