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8.B. - Page 33 <br /> The Federal Clean Air Act(CAA) and the California CAA of 1988 require that the California Air <br /> Resources Board,based on air quality monitoring data, designate portions of the state where Federal <br /> or State ambient air quality standards are not met as "nonattainment areas". Because of the <br /> differences between the Federal and State standards,the designation of"nonattainment area"is <br /> different under the Federal and State legislation. Under the California CAA, San Mateo County is a <br /> nonattainment area for ozone,PMio,and PM2.5. The County is either in attainment or unclassified for <br /> all other pollutants. Under the Federal CAA, San Mateo County is classified as a nonattainment area <br /> for ozone and PM2.5. The U.S. EPA grades the region as in attainment or unclassified for all other air <br /> pollutants, including PMIO. <br /> High ozone levels are caused by the cumulative emissions of reactive organic gases (ROG) and <br /> nitrogen o�des (NOX). These precursors react under certain meteorological conditions to form high <br /> ozone levels. Controlling these precursor pollutants is the focus of the Bay Area's attempt to reduce <br /> ozone levels. High ozone levels aggravate respiratory and cardiovascular diseases,reduce lung <br /> function, and increase coughing and chest discomfort. <br /> Particulate matter is assessed and measured in terms of respirable particulate matter, or particles that <br /> have a diameter 10 micrometers or less (PMio) and fine particulate matter where particles have a <br /> diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less (PM2.5). Elevated concentrations of PMio and PM2.5 are the result <br /> of both regionwide (or cumulative) emissions and localized emissions. High particulate matter levels <br /> aggravate respiratory and cardiovascular diseases,reduce lung function in adults and lung growth in <br /> children, and increase mortality. <br /> 4.3.1.2 Local Air Quality <br /> In addition to the criteria/precursor pollutants discussed above (ROG,NOX,PMio, and PM2.5), To�c <br /> Air Contaminants (TACs) are another group of pollutants of concern. There are many different types <br /> of TACs,with varying degrees of toxicity. Sources of TACs include industrial processes such as <br /> petroleum refining and chrome plating operations, commercial operations such as gasoline stations <br /> and dry cleaners, and motor vehicle exhaust. Cars and trucks release at least forty different TACs. <br /> Exposure to TACs can result from emissions from normal operations (i.e.,vehicle operations), as <br /> well as accidental releases. Health effects of TACs include cancer,birth defects,neurological <br /> damage and increased mortality. <br /> The BAAQMD CEQA Air Quality Guidelines require that projects be evaluated for community risk <br /> when they are located within 1,000 feet of freeways,high traffic volume roadways (10,000 average <br /> annual daily trips or more), and/or stationary permitted sources of TACs. <br /> BAQQMD developed the Stationary Source Screening Analysis Tool which maps the locations of <br /> stationary permitted sources of TACs in the Bay Area. The BAAQMD screening tool does not show <br /> any stationary permitted TAC sources within 1,000 feet of the project site. The proposed project site <br /> is located appro�mately 550 feet from Virginia Avenue which has 11,000 average annual daily trips <br /> (AADT). <br /> 4.3.1.3 Odors <br /> Table 3-3 in the BAAQMD CEQA Guidelines has a list of common odor sources with associated <br /> screening distances. Projects that would place a new sensitive receptor outside the applicable <br /> screening distance from an e�sting odor source would not result in a significant odor impact. There <br /> are no observed odor sources near the site. <br /> 1410 Valota Road Residential Project 21 Initial Study <br /> Redwood City January 2012 <br />